浙江省2003年7月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题

of(不考虑)their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids navigation(航海).Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from use of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military costs or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a pubilc good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense. Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic study is to be replaced by the impersonal judgment of the marketplace.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
  A. A specific group of commodities.
B. The economic structure of the marketplace.
  C. Mechanisms for safer navigation.
D. The advantage of lowering taxes.
2.Which of the following would NOT be an example of a public good as described in the passage?
  A.A stoplight.    B.A bridge.
  C.A fire truck.    D.A taxicab.
3.In Paragraph 2,the word “holds”(Para. 2,Line 3)could best be replaced by which of the following?
  A. has      B. is
  C. grasps     D. carries
4.According to the passage, finding out the social costs of a public good is a _________.
  A. matter of personal judgment
B. daily administrative duty
  C. difficult procedure
D. citizen’s responsibility
5.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs?
  A. A general concept is defined and then examples are given.
B. Several generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn.
  C. Persuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea.
D. Suggestions for the application of an economic concept are offered.转贴于：自学考试_博学在线

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Passage 2
At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a great landmass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one percent of its area.
Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arcitc is an ocean, covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the landmasses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world—the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its center; thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more iced than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and makes unlivable those regions whose counterparts(配对物) at the opposite end of the globe are livable. Thus, more than million persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia—a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry or settlement.
6.The best title for this selection would be ______.
  A. Iceland    B. Land of Opportunity
  C. Utopia at Last   D. The Unknown Continent
7.At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was ______.
  A. very limited     B. vast
  C. fairly rich     D. nonexistent
8.Antarctica is bordered by the ______.
  A. Pacific Ocean     B. Indian Ocean
  C. Atlantic Ocean    D. All three
9.The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by ______.
  A. ice      B. calm seas
  C. cold air     D. lack of knowledge about the continent
10.According to this article ______.
  A. 2,000 people live on the Antarctic Continent
B. a million people live within 2,000 miles of the South Pole
  C. weather conditions within a 2,000 miles radius of the South Pole make settlements impractical
D. only a handful of natives inhabit Antarctica转贴于：自学考试_博学在线

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Passage 3
If there is any single element that makes for success in living, it is the ability to profit by defeat. Every success I know has been achieved because the person was able to study defeat and actually profit by it in his next task. Confuse defeat with failure, and you are sure indeed to fail. For it isn’t defeat that makes you fail; it is your own refusal to see in defeat the guide and encouragement to success.
Defeats are nothing to be ashamed of. They are daily incidents in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you do face it without humiliation, study it and learn why you failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to heal its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success, but nothing can arouse(唤起) within use such a compelling desir