2007考研英语强化班授课讲义(十二)

    These lessons are not merely about learning how to fight more effectively or better prepare for flight. The lessons are really about learning how to live in ways that can reduce the chances of future assaults, especially since we can never fully prevent them. 来源：www.bx166.com

[A] The Pentagon resisted terrorist attacks much more readily than the World Trade Center because it was built with safety in mind. This has important implications for the future design of offices towers, hydroelectric dams, and nuclear power facilities.

[B] For instance, New Zealanders are prepared to survive independently for up to three days in the event of major catastrophes. Unfortunately, far too many of us expect to live in a zero-risk world. This means that widespread panic can be triggered if fewer than 10 letters out of millions in the postal system have been tampered with.

[C] After the poisoning of Tylenol capsules in 1982, Johnson & Johnson concluded that future terrorist attacks directed against their products were highly probable. As a result, they modified both the packaging and the products themselves.

[D] The French revolutionaries of 1789 screamed, “Let’s risk everything, since we have nothing.” People in countries such as Afghanistan, who earn less than $1 per day, may be provoked to violent measures to alter their desperate conditions.

[E] In the case of the World Trade Center, terrorists deliberately exploited the “destructive side” of aircraft and highly populated office towers. If one simply joins hijacking with car bombing, and magnifies their effects, then September 11 is the result.

[F] It is well known that to neutralize the potential spread of smallpox in animals we need to separate animal populations from the virus. This has profound implications with regard to globalization. Globalization constantly creates connections between disparate elements of complex systems and regions of the globe. It pushes us to increase the volume of financial and nonmonetary transactions and the speed between connections. 转贴于：博学在线_考研

：daiy

(课外练习 下次课给答案)

Directions: You are going to read a text about Things to Watch Out for When…, followed by a list of analyses. Choose the best analysis from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra analysis which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

    Year-end is prime time for making speeches, whether it be a formal thank you to clients at a cocktail party or an informal chat to family guests around the Christmas table. Plan ahead and think about what you are going to say. In the words of Mark Twain, it usually takes more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.

41) Know your audience:
42) Make a point:
43) Stay calm:
44) Eye contact:
45) Vary tone and body language:来源：www.bx166.com

[A] Monotony kills a speech. Nerves cause your vocal chords to constrict, raising the pitch of your voice. Make an effort to breathe deeply and enunciate clearly. Flapping your arms about will distract your listeners but natural, descriptive movements can enhance meaning..

[B] Keep your speech short and concise and have a few clear points that you need to convey. Emphasize these and tone down on any oral paraphernalia that will confuse the message.

[C] Find out who you will be addressing so that you can tailor your comments accordingly. Clients, analysts and journalists, for example, require a different approach to that needed for colleagues at an in-house gathering.

[D] A little nervous energy can enhance your speech, but too much can be disastrous. Do not rely on alcohol for help, no matter how much you need Dutch courage. Take a deep breath and keep a clear head.

[E] Creating a personal rapport with your audience is a skill that separates gifted speakers from the mundane. If the thought of looking into a sea of faces scares you, adjust your gaze regularly at different points in the room to create the same effect.

[F] Your initial impression is vital when making a public presentation. Find out about dress codes at the venue so that you look your best and, if possible, check the microphone beforehand to ensure you know how to use it.

III. English-Chinese Translation

    1) Being under-industrialized, these countries are largely dependent on imports to supply the equipment needed to produce the raw materials they export. This also applies to the manufactured goods required to provide their populations with the 'necessities of life' --- a concept which is continually being enlarged through the mass media of communication such as newspapers, films, the radio and advertising.  2) This economic structure makes it difficult for them to avoid being politically dependent on the countries which absorb their exports and provide their essential imports.

    Although it is obvious that industrialization is the key to development, it is usually very difficult