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四级最后一搏---听力理解三种题型实战答题技巧(1)

减小字体 增大字体 作者:佚名  来源:不详  发布时间:2007-8-15 7:02:33
对话题八大考点答题技巧
前文已经讲过,对话题根据其考点,可以分为八类,下面结合例子一一讲解如何听这八类对话。
① 数字题 
在对话中常常会出现数字,主要涉及时间、价格、帐目、运算、电话号码等。在近年的四级考试中,出现频率较低,而且听一个数字进行辨音的题很少,一般要求考生既正确辨听谈话中提到的数字,又要求考生进行简单的运算,在听这类题时,要注意以下几点。
   a.正确辨听数字,不要混淆:在英语数字听力材料中,容易弄错的数字有:three, six, seven.此外,-teen和-ty也是要分清楚的。
 b. 在进行运算时注意关键的提示词,如slow, fast, increase, double, decrease, drop to, twice, 3 times等。以确认是加还是减,是乘还是除,乘几等,例如: 
You’ll hear:
W: Oh, good heavens. It’s already 3 o’ clock now. 
M: Don’t worry. That clock is one hour faster.
Q: What time is it now? 
这一题较简单,但有的同学一听“faster”一词,便会加上一小时,得出“It’s 4 o’clock now.”的结论,这实在是不应犯的粗心错误。
又如:You’ll hear:
M: The number of the freshmen in our department reached 90 last year, but because of lack of dormitory rooms, it dropped 1/3 this year. 
W:As far as I know, a lot of new dormitories are being built. The number of the freshmen next year will be double of that this year.
Q: How many freshmen will there be next year? 
这一题的运算较为复杂一点,这里我们关键是要听清是“dropped”还是“dropped to”。这一题的四个选项为:(A)60, (B)90,(C)120,(D)150。如果抓住“dropped”及女士谈话中的“double”,不难找到正确答案,即(C)项120。
c. 在对话中出现多个数字时,记好笔记并注意问题——即注意我们要找的是哪个数字,例
如,You’ll rear:
W: How much does that book cost? 
M: 10 dollars but each of us 4 has only 8 dollars. 
Q: If each of them wants to buy a book, how much do they lack in total? 
You’ll read:
(A)$4.   (B)$8.    (C)$10.   (D)$12.
解答这题时,首先要做简单的笔记,记下“10→book”,“4×8”,分别代表“10 dollars a book” 和“4 people ×8 dollars.”其次注意提问,不是“How much does a book cost?”或“How much do 4 books cost?”而是“how much do they lack in total?”,很快我们可以列出算式10×4-8×4=8所以,答案为(B)$8。 
② 地点题 
地点题是对话中比较容易把握的一类,近年来在四级考试中出现的频率不高,但近两年来每年都有一题。地点题一般分为两种:(1)猜测地点;(2)确认地点。猜测地点指注意谈话环境,从谈话中所提及的关键词推测谈话环境。这类题的提问方式为“Where does the conversation most probably take place?”,谈话中一般不提及地点,如:
M: Do you have any ties that match this shirt?
W: Sure. What color do you want?
在这组谈话中,他们提及“ties” 和“shirt”,特别是女士问“What color do you want?”很明显,这一定是在“clothes store”或“clothes department of a department store”中发生的。
做这一类题要求学生平时注意收集在医院、学校、商店、邮局等特定场合中经常出现的词组或单词,如医院中常会用到:trouble, pain, fever, headache, heart, disease, flu, medicine, operation等,在邮局会听到:mail, stamp, envelope, registered letter, EMS, by airmail, parcel等;在商店中会听到各种商品名称、价格、尺码等以及服务用语。熟悉了这些词汇,一但在对话中听到它们,便会马上联想到谈话是在何种背景下进行的,也就不难猜出谈话的场所。确认地点一般指谈话中会出现多个地点,或方向指示,要求考生从四个地点中挑出
某个特定的地点,如:
M:I know this place. Go 50 meters straight forward. On the left side of the road, there is a beautiful park; on the right side, there is a big supermarket. So you’re not going home, are you?
W: I need to buy some food for dinner before going back home? 
Q: Where will the woman go first? 
You’ll read:
(A) Go straight forward.          (B) Go to the park.
(C) Go to the supermarket.        (D) Go back home.
在这段谈话中出现了三个场所:home, supermarket, park,而根据女士提及的“buy some food for dinner”,她要去的地方应该是(C)“the supermarket.”。博学在线_CET-4 考试

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③职业及关系题 
这类题型在近年来的四级测试中越来越少,它主要考考生对于谈话一方所从事的职业的判断或要求考生正确理解谈话双方之间的关系。我们听到的问题一般为: 
What does the man/woman do?
What is the man / woman?
What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
这一类型题目太直接,一般从选项的内容一眼可看出考题是否属于这一类型,答题的关键同上一个类型的题一样要求考生迅速抓住对话中的关键词。考生平时也应注意收集在从事某一职业活动中出现频率高的词。如教师学生的对话中很可能会现出class, exams, paper等,在侍者与顾客之间会出现menu, main, course, dessert等。此外,称呼也是这类题目中应注意的,Professor, Mr., Mrs.是对老师的称呼,officer是对警察的称呼;朋友之间互称名(first name);夫妻之间常用darling, dear等;服务人员称服务对象为Sir或Madame。例如:
W: Excuse me for being late, Mr. Thomson. Something wrong with the engine of the bus I took and it stopped between 2 stops. 
M: That’s all right, Mary. Come in and take your seat. 
Q: What is the probable relationship between the 2 speakers? 
There are 4 choices:
(A) Friends.            (B) Boss and secretary.
(C) Teacher and student.  (D) Policeman and suspect.
在本题中,女士称呼男士为Mr. Thomson,而男士则称女子为Mary。很明显这段对话要么在上、

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